Dr. Steve Turley: The Satanic New World Order of George Soros
| About the Author—Professor Ellis Washington, J.D.—I went to Harvard Law School for 1 year (1988-89) with future POTUS Barack Hussein Obama, (b. 1960 – d. 09/29/2019), but I took the opposite path in Life—New World Order, Communism, Treason, Pedophilia, Abortion and Satanic Ritual Abuse vs. Christianity, Conservatism, Protecting the Children, Protecting Life and TRUMPism. I repeatedly refused to take the “Satan OATH” for Careerism and Celebrity which is why I’ve been blacklisted since 1989 – for over 34 years—for my entire legal and academic career, yet I Fight on! Why? To avenge Harvard University’s original 1692 motto—Veritas pro Christo et Ecclesia {= Truth for Christ and the Church}.
To escape the 150-year Rothschild Chattel Slavery systems (e.g., Birth certificates, Death certificates, Social Security numbers bought, sold and trading people’s identities like animals on Wall Street) and Rothschild Debt Slavery systems (e.g., IRS, Income Taxes, Death Taxes, Fiat/Counterfeit currency not based on Gold or Silver, but based on NOTHING!—national currencies of the world promiscuously printed at will by the Rothschild Central Bankers to fund perpetual False Flag Wars) while keeping the entire world enslaved inside the Birth-School-Labor-Taxes-Debts-Retirement-Death cycle of the Rothschild Khazarian Mafia Matrix (1871-2021), then read and share the Truth of my Critical Thinking blog that has recently exceeded 22 million views @ EllisWashingtonReport.com and on @Facebook,@Twitter— #JesusIsLord #DCActof1871 |
I believe in Christianity as I believe that the sun has risen. Not only because I see it, but because by it I see everything else. ~ C.S. Lewis
The simple step of a courageous individual is not to partake in the [Big] Lie. One word of truth outweighs the whole world. ~ Alexander Solzhenitsyn
All that is gold does not glitter, not all those who wander are lost; the old that is strong does not wither, deep roots are not reached by the frost.
~ J.R.R. Tolkien
You have been lied to all of your life. History has been a [Big] Lie created by the [Rothschild Khazarian] Cabal for thousands of years for Control.
A. #Plato’sAllegoryoftheCave Prologue to using Aristotle’s “First Principles” as a Thesis Exposing the Hoax History we’ve all been taught for Generations under U.S.A., INC. and giving you a Synopsis of the Real History of the United States for America—a REPUBLIC
One of the most important things I’ve learned from reading the writings of the great Greek philosopher Aristotle (384-322 B.C.) is this—In order to properly, systematically and comprehensively understand and study any given subject, discipline or area of inquiry is to always begin from First Principles. For example, in this essay I am writing a long essay series about the Realpolitik, Law, Philosophy, Economics, Medicine and History of the United States for America (a REPUBLIC). In doing this by necessity I am exposing the imposter corporation country secretly established by the Rothschild family known as the UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, INC. whose stolen History of Humanity has allowed a very small Cabal of super rich, narcissistic, psychopaths belonging to various Satanic cults called among other names—Rothschild Khazarian Mafia, the Illuminati, Freemasons, Rosicrucians, Skull and Bones, and other secret societies along with their allied institutions including—Council of 13, Committee of 300, Octagon Group, Trilateral Commission, World Economic Forum, United Nations, International Monetary Fund, Council on Foreign Relations, the Bilderbergers, DAVOS, and other Globalist, elitist entities connected to the Satanic New World Order.
From the Shadows for 150 years (1871-2021) the Rothschild Central Bankers in particularly have been using their trillions to effectively enslave hundreds of millions of people in America, including billions and billions of people worldwide under the treacherous legislation called the District of Columbia Act of 1871. In England this law was called the 1871 Act of England and a version of this evil, Machiavellian legislation that has enslaved America and the world for 150 years exits in virtually every United Nations member state country in the world in the perpetual bondage of Chattel Slavery and Debt Slavery TO THIS DAY! *N.B.: For further research and reading see my comprehensive 5-part essay series on the Rothschild Khazarian Mafia (aka Central Bankers).
Therefore, using Aristotle’s First Principles let us propose a Thesis #1—To Understand History always carefully examine and study the Politics and Philosophy, History and Warmongerings of the 13 Illuminati Royal Family Bloodlines. Why? Because following this technique will assist us in better understanding the power behind the Shadows who manipulate Reality through the Ages vs. Understanding the God of the Bible who controls the Reality of Truth through the Ages —
“First principles thinking consists of deriving things to their fundamental proven axioms in the given arena, before reasoning up by asking which ones are relevant to the question at hand, then cross referencing conclusions based on chosen axioms and making sure conclusions don’t violate any fundamental laws.”
Thus, I will begin this essay with a quote by Morpheus to his protégée Neo in the 1999 movie, The Matrix—”Everything they told you was a [Big] Lie”. This statement is a variation of the meme I used before by the great Spanish-American Philosopher, Historian, Essayist, Poet, Novelist – George Santayana (1863-1952)—“History is a pack of lies told by people who weren’t there. . . . History is always written wrong, and so always needs to be rewritten.”
*N.B.: The word Government actually means mind control. It is etymologically originated from the ancient Latin language. It Splits into two words:1) (guvernare) meaning “to control” and 2) (mens or mentis) meaning “mind”.
Source: Medium.com
Below is some information taken from the Judy Byington Report of 24 May 2023 regarding what I refer to as aSummary of Real American History not taught by the Marxist Rothschild Khazarian Mafia Academy. The following information in the text boxes refers to direct quotes from Judy Byington’s GCR News Updates followed by some appropriate memes, my historical analysis, and commentary. Below is the transcript of a YouTube video political commentator Dr. Steve Turley did regarding exposing Billionaire Globalist, George Soros and how he uses his billions to foment what I call the Satanic New World Order —
B. Transcript of Dr. Steve Turley’s video – The New World Order of George Soros
For many around the world George Soros is a special kind of evil. [Joe Rogan Show] – “He wants these cities to fall apart, he wants crime to flourish. Its almost like he is an evil [villain] in a Batman movie.” All over the globe the name George Soros is treated with disgust and derision. Soros after all made his fortune by breaking the Bank of England and he didn’t stop there. Many others blame Soros for crashing the Southeast economy through the same ruthless currency speculation. Soros is rightly considered a very sordid character all around the globe but what precisely does George Soros believe? And what is he trying to do around the world? Well, that is what we together are going to find out. . .
Back in 1993 financier George Soros self-published a paper where he outlined his vision for a New World Order, originally envisioned by [President] George Herbert Walker Bush –
“. . . for future generations a New World Order. A world where the rule of law, not the law of the jungle, governs the conduct of nations. When we are successful (and we will be) we have a real change in this New World Order. An order in which a credible United Nations use its peacekeeping role to fulfill the promise and vision of the UN’s founders. . .”
*N.B.: President Herbert Walker Bush made this famous New World Order speech exactly 11 years from the government false flag event known as 9/11/2001 under the administration of his son, George W. Bush – a horrific event of mass Democide that murdered over 3,000 people and permanently injured tens of thousands of others. However, what most people don’t know about George H.W. Bush and the subject of this essay, billionaire George Soros is that, as teenagers, they both were recruited as agents for Adolph Hitler and the Nazi Third Reich during World War II. In fact, George H.W. Bush original name was ‘George H. Scherff, Jr.’ and his Nazi ‘father’ George H. Scherff both who immigrated to the United States under the OSS/CIA program later known as “Operation Paperclip.”
George Soros, in a 1998 60 Minutes interview with host, Steve Kroft, spoke of his Nazi years beginning at age 14 very dispassionately – some could say even happily. In fact, my friend, Congressman Louie Gohmert, in a 2018 Tweet didn’t mince words and stated the following about Soros Nazi years—
“Soros himself admitted in a 60 Minutes interview that he had no regrets whatsoever about assisting the Nazis in confiscating property from the Jewish people during the Holocaust. That is a fact. . .” FULL STATEMENT: gohmert.house.gov/news/documentsingle.aspx?DocumentID=3986
*N.B.: Left-wing propaganda sites like BBC.com says the following about this picture above: “The man in the picture is Oskar Gröning, a member of the SS garrison of the Auschwitz concentration and extermination camp.” While this picture may or may not be George Soros as a teen, we do know from his 1998 60 Minutes interview with Steve Kroftthat this early Nazi period of his life as a young teenager of 13 or 14 was one of the happiest periods of his life and set the stage for the truly evil, diabolical, and egomaniacal man he is today – A man hellbent on purging the world of Christianity, destroying America, depopulating the world, and establishing a Satanic New World Order or One-World Government.
Professor Karl Popper’s Influence on George Soros (and others)
Turley continues, To Soros the New World Order was faltering because it was failing to effectively integrate Russia and its former satellites in Eastern Europe into the Liberal West posing a risk to the so-called Rules-based International Order. Soros early on recognized that the world order after the Soviet Union was indeed breaking up was returning to Nation, Culture, Custom, Tradition and he hated that. Soros pointed to the dangers of this encroaching nationalism by citing the war in the Balkans. Soros believed that the tribal conflicts in the former Yugoslavia could end up engulfing the world. The solution for Soros was what he called Open Societies, a concept originally proposed and popularized by Karl Popper in his classic work, The Open Society and Its Enemies (1945).
According to Popper Open societies are rational societies rooted in science and reason, whereas Closed societies are inherently irrational rooted in tradition and tribalism. Open societies protect rational exchange centered on the individual whereas Close societies force people to submit to authorities’ age-old traditions, religious, political and economic. Soros believed that the triumph of liberal Open societies throughout the world represented a truly New World Order that transcends both the Cold War era as well as the growing nationalists’ trends around the world.
According to a quote in Wikipedia’s biography on Professor Karl Popper, it noted that he had a tremendous intellectual influence on his young protégé, George Soros who was his student at The London School of Economics (1947-51) where he received his BSc degree in Philosophy in 1951—
Popper’s influence, both through his work in philosophy of science and through his political philosophy, has also extended beyond the academy. One of Popper’s students at LSE was George Soros, who later became a billionaire investor and among whose philanthropic foundations is the Open Society Institute, a think-tank named in honour of Popper’s The Open Society and Its Enemies.[104][105] Soros revised his own philosophy, differing from some of Popper’s epistemological assumptions, in a lecture entitled Open Society given at Central European University on 28 October 2009:[106]
In a 2013 essay I wrote titled – Hegel’s dialectic in the Age of Obama, Part 2, I ended that essay with a mention of Soros’s intellectual mentor, Professor Karl Popper who in my opinion (which doesn’t seem to be exposed by other scholars) adopted the Hegelian Dialectic as a means to an end in establishing what Popper referred to as “Open Societies”, e.g., Globalism, One World Government, or New World Order –
Hegelian Dialectic No. 5 {Education as indoctrination/propaganda} Thesis: God, through the Holy Bible, taught mankind to love and obey Him. Antithesis: “Give me four years to teach the children and the seed I have sown will never be uprooted.” (Lenin) Synthesis: Teachers are no longer considered “the transmitters of society’s culture” (as they have been for roughly the past 6,000 years) but are now “activist agents of [progressive, socialist] change.” (John Dewey, 1938)
Austro-British philosopher Karl Popper (1902-1994) argued that Hegel’s philosophy provided the intellectual foundations for communists, socialists and fascist totalitarian governments of the 20th century – Ottoman Turks, Lenin, Stalin, Mussolini, Hitler, Mao, Islamism. I am convinced that Hegel’s dialectic will continue in the 21st century; into the Age of Obama whereby President Obama’s election victories in 2008 and 2012 signal the ongoing progression of a Hegelian dialectic that culminates in a post-Marxist worldview – a genocidal, evil, globalist dystopia.
Dinesh D’Souza’s Book Reviews on, THE BIG LIE: EXPOSING THE NAZI ROOTS OF THE AMERICAN LEFT (2017)
“Of course, everything [D’Souza] says here is accurate… But it’s not going to sit well with people on the American left who, of course, are portraying themselves as the exact opposite of all of this.” —RUSH LIMBAUGH
The explosive new book from Dinesh D’Souza, author of the #1 New York Times bestsellers Hillary’s America, America, and Obama’s America.
What is “the big lie” of the Democratic Party? That conservatives—and President Donald Trump in particular—are fascists. Nazis, even. In a typical comment, MSNBC host Rachel Maddow says the Trump era is reminiscent of “what it was like when Hitler first became chancellor.”
But in fact, this audacious lie is a complete inversion of the truth. Yes, there is a fascist threat in America—but that threat is from the Left and the Democratic Party. The Democratic left has an ideology virtually identical with fascism and routinely borrows tactics of intimidation and political terror from the Nazi Brownshirts.
*N.B.: Read Dinesh D’Souza’s Nazi origins of the modern Democrat Party and the American Left online
To cover up their insidious fascist agenda, Democrats loudly accuse President Trump and other Republicans of being Nazis—an obvious lie, considering the GOP has been fighting the Democrats over slavery, genocide, racism and fascism from the beginning.
Now, finally, Dinesh D’Souza explodes the Left’s big lie. He expertly exonerates President Trump and his supporters, then uncovers the Democratic Left’s long, cozy relationship with Nazism: how the racist and genocidal acts of early Democrats inspired Adolf Hitler’s campaign of death; how fascist philosophers influenced the great 20th century lions of the American Left; and how today’s anti-free speech, anti-capitalist, anti-religious liberty, pro-violence Democratic Party is a frightening simulacrum of the Nazi Party.
Hitler coined the term “the big lie” to describe a lie that “the great masses of the people” will fall for precisely because of how bold and monstrous the lie is. In The Big Lie, D’Souza shows that the Democratic Left’s orchestrated campaign to paint President Trump and conservatives as Nazis to cover up its own fascism is, in fact, the biggest lie of all.
Continuing with Dr. Turley’s analysis exposing the radicalism of Globalist George Soros,
Turley stated, However, for Soros there was a two-fold problem to realizing such a world order. On the one hand Soros did not want the United States to become the world’s policeman. Soros saw the United States sole superpower status as a threat to international peace and prosperity. However, on the other hand the United Nations was too powerless to provide a counterbalance or global alterative to the United States.
Was there an institution that could be co-opted and redirected in such a way so as to usher in the open society world order that Soros became obsessed with? As it turns out there was. For Soros the solution to this dilemma for an emerging New World Order was none other than NATO, but not NATO as it was, a new NATO, a reformed or better co-opted NATO.
*N.B.: For further reading see, Toward a New World Order: The Future of NATO (Open Society Foundation: Nov. 1, 1993)
Star Wars 2023—George Soros as a Modern-Day Darth Sidious
As revolution raged in the old Russia Soviet empire in the late 1980s, Soros stood at the precipice observing the world, much in the same way as Chancellor Palpatine (Darth Sidious) looked with lustful eyes at the Republic and vowed to make it into his own creation – “. . . the Republic will be reorganized into the first Galactic Empire, for a safe and secure society,” prompting Princess Leah to lament in Star Wars Episode Revenge of the Sith – “So this is how the Republic ends with applause?” Likewise, Soros in the late 1980s, early 1990s had the money, he was a multibillionaire achieved largely through collapsing the monetary systems of England and several other countries in the Asian Pacific Rim.
Soros also had an intellectual template as stated earlier, his old Professor at the London School of Economics, Karl Popper’s “Open Society” worldview which is simply Hegelian Dialectic applied to Globalism or the intellectual foundation of the New World Order. In other words, the end of sovereign Nation-States rooted in Tradition, Morality and Truth. Soros dystopian worldview (or what Nazi philosophy referred to as, Weltanschauung) would begin with the fall of the Soviet Union in 1989/90 and move quickly to America. Once America fell to Globalism with the aid of George H. W. Bush (1989-93), Bill Clinton (1993-2001), George W. Bush (2001-09), and Barack Hussein Obama (2009-17). Thus, in Soros’s perverted and megalomaniacal mind and in the minds of the Globalist New World Order elites, their One World Government dream would soon become the world’s nightmare despite the setbacks they have suffered during the four-year Trump administration (2017-21). *N.B.: See my July 2021 extensive review of the Trump administration and his systematic deconstruction of over 150 years of the Satanic New World Order.
Turley continues, For Soros, “NATO was the only institution of collective security that has not failed, because it has not bee tried. NATO has the potential of serving as the basis of a new world order to that part of the world which is most in need of order and stability. But in can do so only if its mission is redefined.” Now that part of the world which is most in need of order and stability was precisely the post-Soviet world. Soros recognized that Russia had no intentions of allowing NATO to expand eastward brushing up against its borders, but Soros described that to nothing more than “wounded pride of a once but no longer great power.”
While Soros did not rule out the potential for an alliance between Russia and the West, he insisted that Russia must adopt a liberal Western model as society and governance. And the principal institution that promoted and indeed imposed such a liberal models assigning governance was a new NATO. A NATO that was no longer an anti-Soviet alliance but now the chief propagator and defender of Western liberal values throughout the globe. Soros was at first not adverse to using military force if necessary to compel post-Soviet states to adopt liberal principles. Putting the matter succinctly, as far as NATO spread its influence liberal values and open societies would inevitably follow.
In an article in BeforeItsNews.com (3 June 2023) titled –Situation Update: Ukraine & NATO Cross Red Line With Russia Firing Himar Shells Into Russia! West Clearly Provoking Larger War! Weapons Sent To Ukraine End Up With Mexico Cartels! This article demonstrates Soros’s dystopian worldview in action using a weaponized NATO as his vehicle to force the establishment of his Satanic New World Order by crushing America and all Nation-States that still believe in antiquated ideas like Culture, Society, Tradition, Reason, and to replace these authorities age-old ideas with new ones that English writer George Orwell so eloquently wrote about in 1949 in his classic book exposing the coming Totalitarian Age, “1984” which on 8 June 2023 celebrated its 74th anniversary year of publication.
Turley states that Soros’s influence over the liberal world order simply can’t be exaggerated. Between 1990 and today NATO went from 17 member nations to 30, nearly doubling in the span of 30 years, but not without significant warning. A number of academics such as John Mearsheimer, the University of Chicago [*See Isaac Chotiner’s essay in the New Yorker, “Why John Mearsheimer Blames the U.S. for the Crisis in Ukraine”], George Kennan of Harvard, even Henry Kissinger recognized that brazen NATO Eastward expansion was denounced and opposed by every single head of Russia, and that such Eastward expansion would inevitably lead to open conflict with the Russian Federation.
Now while it would certainly be a stretch to blame Soros for the conflict in Ukraine, his worldview certainly contributed to the conditions that made such a conflict inevitable. Moreover, while many would agree that Soros is defining intellectual principles – Cosmopolitan internationalism, the notion that the world should constitute a single Global community that transcends nationalisms, tribalisms and sovereign states. Many fail to recognize that one of if not the most galvanizing factor for this is the role that apocalyptic environmentalism plays in his worldview.
*N.B.: See Fortune Magazine article, Billionaire George Soros says the planet is close to a tipping point and melting ice sheets are a ‘threat to the survival of our civilization’
BY FRANCES SCHWARTZKOPFF, DANIELLE BOCHOVE AND BLOOMBERG (16 FEBRUARY 2023).
Are there Nazis in the Russia-Ukraine War?
NATO expansion is at the heart of the dangerous Ukrainian crisis which George Soros and other billionaire Globalists like Bill Gates, Jeff Bezos, Mark Zuckerberg, Henry Kissinger, President Biden, former President Barack Obama and others are fomenting. It’s classic Hegelian Dialectic—(1) Create the PROBLEM, (2) Fund the REACTION, (3) Mandate the [Final] SOLUTION. The Globalists need World War III at all costs to create Ordo ab Chao (out of order, comes chaos) to cover their fraud, treachery and War Crimes, Crimes Against Humanity, and Mass Murder (e.g., Nuremberg Trials 2.0)! Watch the video and read more in the article by Claudio Gallo. U.S. Cover-Up of Bio-Labs in Ukraine Began Jan. 20th 2022 (Video) Debunking the Lies and Propaganda of the U.S. Embassy in Kyiv, Ukraine By @OratorBlog Sunday, 3-6-2022.
Where did the Ukrainian Azov Battalion who are committing so many War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity originate?!? That’s right, from Adolph Hitler and his Nazi Party called the Third Reich—
The Extreme Hypocrisy of the U.S. Government is so Ironic, it would almost seem Comical if they were not Guilty of Spreading Death, Suffering and Misery throughout the Entire World
The United States Government IS the World Leader in Staging Coups and Toppling Third World Governments. After all, the CIA Invented the Color Revolution. How many Governments has the US Toppled??? How many Counties have been INVADED under False Pretense and Lies???
Finally, Turley states that Soros sees the planet as basically expiring and only by galvanizing the world’s populations into a fully Cooperative Global Community can we hope to overcome this economic challenge. And this is where Soros’s worldview takes a rather sinister turn. If according to him what’s at stake is the very survival of our planet, then populations simply cannot be allowed to choose the wrong leaders to represent them. If they do, Soros galvanizes his web of billion-dollar NGOs that in turn actively interferes into the politics of sovereign nations across the planet precisely to overturn and undue the democratically expressed will of the voters.
Soros, when all can be said and done, can claim he’s a Democrat until he’s blue in the face. It doesn’t change the fact that he’s doing everything he possibly can to orchestrate world events irrespective of voter will and intention. In the end, because of his environmental apocalypticism, all his rhetoric about open societies and democracies and human rights is all for naught. The only legitimate governments are governments that go along with Soros’s vision for the planet and the world order he believes will preserve it. No other form of government no matter how democratically expressed will do.
Unfortunately for Soros, the world is moving in a very, very different direction. A New World Order is indeed rising but not the one that Soros had in mind. Increasingly it’s a world marked by an extraordinary return to Nation, Culture, Custom and Tradition, Civilization. The liberal vision of Soros is being rejected increasingly by more and more populations who are rising up, fighting back and restoring their national and civilizational sovereignty. For now, Soros will have to be content as a billionaire sitting in his penthouse, watching the world passing him by.
L. Epilogue and Conclusions—Escaping the False Reality of the Matrix and the Satanic New World Order through Embracing Jesus Christ = The Reality of Truth
In conclusion, Dave of X22 Report summarized the crucial state of Affairs the world, America and how We the People stand at the precipice of the abyss—Will we all fall into destruction and eternal damnation for allowing a smally cabal of psychopaths (e.g., the Illuminati, the Rothschild Central Bankers, the Freemasons, the Vatican, Council of 13, Council of 13, United Nations, World Economic Forum, and other secret societies) pushed Humanity to the precipice? No! X22 Report (beg. @11:14) stated this new and revived Glorious History of the future of America and the World once the Satanic New World Order and their slavish Allies are utterly defeated—
X22 Reports urges people to “Think about how they hate America, how they hate the Constitution, how they hate History, and how the country was born, and how the Founding Fathers created this incredible Constitution to allow people to live free and go about their lives. Remember, the Constitution is a living, breathing document. The [Framers] knew that times were going to change. They knew that people were going to need to add amendments, and they knew that they could not leave this up to the federal government. They knew it had to be from the bottom level and the people had to decide what amendments they were going to add to the Constitution. And they also decided…we are going to have to allow people to have rights that they were born with, and the federal government was going to have to agree to the contract and abide by all of these things in the contract.
You see the Founding Fathers knew this, they had been through tyranny, they had been through dictatorship, they knew exactly what would happen if another tyrannical government would come along. They always followed the same playbook and what happens is that people can’t recognize it in the beginning, but as times goes on people start realizing what is really going on and I think we are at that point where people are starting to see the censorship.”
Remember! History since at least the late 1700s including the American Revolution and the French Revolution, all social and historical events have been instigated through contrived, construct, False Flag Wars. Thus, history since the First Industrial Revolution (1750s-1850s) (and perhaps even further back than this) have been shaped, manipulated and controlled by a very small, but powerful Jewish Family called the Rothschild and through ancient secret societies like the 13 Illuminati Bloodline Families, the Rockefellers, the Freemasons, the Rosicrucians, Skull and Bones, the Bilderbergers, Council of Foreign Relations, the Committee of 300, the Club of Rome, the United Nations, World Economic Forum, Davos, etc.
*N.B.: Geopolitical analyst Benjamin Fulford in his weekly report (Oct. 31, 2022)(beg.@3:42) had the following remarks regarding how the Rothschild Khazarian Mafia have used debt and chattel slavery to keep the nations in perpetual Satanic control and economic bondage—“This is Judge Anna von Wright telling the world about them—They [Zionists] have been doing the same thing since the Bronze Age (3300-1200 BC)—Introducing the concept of credit, gaining access to someone else’s credit, accumulating debts on behalf of their victims, eating through the very substance of the country they invaded, killing their creditors and then moving on to a new Master.”
Don’t believe me, do your own research. A good starting point is put search terms (of one word or a phrase) at the informative website—www.BeforeItsNews.com. WARNING! Prepare to have your mind blown!
Category: Commentary
